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by using Netscape Chapter 6 Momentum: MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement
or answers the question.
A) a tightrope walker crossing
Niagara Falls B) a pickup truck speeding
along a highway C) a Mack truck parked in
a parking lot D) the Science building on
campus E) a dog running down the
street
2) The
difference between impulse and impact force involves the A) distance the force acts.
B) time the force acts. C) difference between acceleration
and velocity. D) mass and its effect on
resisting a change in momentum.
3) It
is correct to say that impulse is equal to A) momentum. B) the change in momentum.
C) the force multiplied by
the distance the force acts. D) all of these. E) none of these. 4) The
impulse-momentum relationship is a direct result of A) Newton's 1st law. B) Newton's 2nd law. C) Newton's 3rd
law.
5) The
conservation of momentum is most closely related to A) Newton's 1st law. B) Newton's 2nd law. C) Newton's 3rd
law.
6) A
rifle recoils from firing a bullet. The speed of
the rifle's recoil is small because the A) force against the rifle
is smaller than against the bullet. B) momentum is mainly concentrated
in the bullet. C) rifle has much more mass
than the bullet. D) momentum of the rifle is
smaller. 7) Suppose
a gun were made of a strong but very light material. Suppose also that
the bullet is more massive than the gun itself. For such a weapon A) the target would be safer
than the shooter. B) recoil problems would be
lessened. C) conservation of energy
would not hold. D) conservation of momentum
would not hold. E) both conservation of energy
and momentum would not hold.
8) Two
objects, A and B, have the same size and shape, but A is twice as heavy
as B. When they are dropped simultaneously from a
tower, they reach the ground at the same time, but A has a greater A) speed. B) acceleration. C) momentum. D) all of these. E) none of these. 9) A
heavy truck and a small truck roll down a hill. Neglecting
friction, at the bottom of the hill, the heavy truck will have greater
A) speed. B) acceleration. C) momentum. D) all of these. E) none of these.
10) In
order to catch a ball, a baseball player extends the hand forward before
impact with the ball and then lets it ride backward in the direction of
the ball's motion upon impact. Doing this reduces the force of impact on
the player's hand principally because the A) force of impact is reduced.
B) relative velocity is less.
C) time of impact is increased.
D) time of impact is decreased.
E) none of these.
11) When
you jump from an elevated position you usually bend your knees upon reaching
the ground. By doing this, you make the time of
the impact about 10 times as great as for a stiff-legged landing. In this way the average force your body experiences is A) less than 1/10 as great.
B) more than 1/10 as great. C) about 1/10 as great. D) about 10 times as great. 12) When
you are in the way of a fast-moving object and can't get out of its way,
you will suffer a smaller force of impact if you decrease its momentum over
a A) long time. B) short time. C) same way either way.
13) A
car traveling along the highway needs a certain amount of force exerted
on it to stop it in a certain distance. More stopping
force is required when the car has A) more mass. B) more momentum. C) less stopping distance.
D) all of these. E) none of these.
14) A
bullet is fired from a gun. The speed of the bullet
will be about the same as the speed of the recoiling gun A) because momentum is conserved.
B) because velocity is conserved.
C) because both velocity and
momentum are conserved. D) if the mass of the bullet
equals the mass of the gun. E) none of these. 15) Padded
dashboards in cars are safer in an accident than nonpadded ones because
an occupant hitting the dash has A) increased time of impact.
B) decreased impulse. C) decreased impact force.
D) a and b above. E) a and c above. 16) The
force on an apple hitting the ground depends upon A) the speed of the apple
just before it hits. B) the time of impact with
the ground. C) whether or not the apple
bounces. D) all of these. 17) Compared
to falling on a wooden floor, a wine glass may not break when it falls
to a carpeted floor because of the A) lesser impulse in stopping.
B) longer time to stop. C) both of these. D) neither of these. 18) A
4 kg ball has a momentum of 12 kg m/s. What is the
ball's speed? A) 3 m/s B) 4 m/s C) 12 m/s D) 48 m/s E) none of these 19) A
ball is moving at 4 m/s and has a momentum of 48 kg m/s. What is the ball's
mass? A) 4 kg B) 12 kg C) 48 kg D) 192 kg E) none of these
20) Recoil
is noticeable if we throw a heavy ball while standing on roller skates.
If instead we go through the motions of throwing the ball but hold onto
it, our net recoil will be A) zero. B) the same as before. C) small, but
noticeable.
21) A
heavy truck and a small car rolling down a hill at the same speed are forced
to stop in the same amount of time. Compared to the force that stops the
car, the force needed to stop the truck is A) greater. B) smaller. C) the same. 22) A
1-N apple falls to the ground. The apple hits the
ground with an impact force of about A) 1 N. B) 2 N. C) 4 N. D) 9.8 N. E) not enough information
given to say. 23) A
karate expert executes a swift blow and severs a cement block with her
bare hand. The magnitude is the same for the A) impulse on both the block
and the expert's hand B) force on both the block
and the expert's hand. C) time of impact on both
the block and the expert's hand. D) all of these. E) none of these. 24) A
piece of putty moving with 1 unit of momentum strikes and sticks to a heavy
bowling ball that is initially at rest. After the putty sticks to the
ball, both move with a combined momentum of A) less than 1 unit. B) more than 1 unit. C) 1 unit. D) not enough information. 25) A
1-kg chunk of putty moving at 1 m/s collides with and sticks to a 5-kg
bowling ball initially at rest. The bowling ball and putty then move with
a momentum of A) 0 kg m/s. B) 1 kg m/s. C) 2 kg m/s. D) 5 kg m/s. E) more than 5 kg m/s. 26) The
force that accelerates a rocket in outer space is exerted on the rocket
by the A) rocket's engine. B) rocket's wings. C) atmospheric pressure.
D) exhaust gases. E) none of these. 27) Two
billiard balls having the same mass roll toward each other, each moving
at the same speed. What is the combined momentum
of the two balls? A) 0 kg m/s. B) 10 kg m/s. C) more information need to
determine.
28) Compared
to the force that brings a small car to a stop, the force required to bring
a heavy truck traveling at the same speed to a stop A) is less. B) is more. C) may be less and may be
more. 29) A
cannonball shot from a cannon with a long barrel will have a greater muzzle
velocity because the cannonball receives a greater A) force. B) impulse. C) both of these. D) neither of these.
30) According
to the impulse-momentum equation Ft = change in (mv), a person will suffer
less injury falling on a wooden floor which "gives" than on a more rigid
cement floor. The "F" in the above equation stands for the force exerted
on the A) person. B) floor. C) both of these. D) none of these. 31) A
1000-kg car moving at 10 m/s brakes to a stop in 5 s. The average braking
force is A) 1000 N. B) 2000 N. C) 3000 N. D) 4000 N. E) 5000 N. 32) Which
would be more damaging, driving into a very massive concrete wall with
no "give," or having a head-on collision at the same speed with an identical
car moving toward you with the same speed? It would be more damaging to
hit the A) car. B)
wall. C) both the same. 33) A
rifle of mass 2 kg is suspended by strings. The
rifle fires a bullet of mass 1/100 kg at a speed of 200 m/s. The recoil
velocity of the rifle is about A) 0.001 m/s. B) 0.01 m/s. C) 0.1 m/s. D) 1 m/s. E) none of these. 34) A
5-kg fish swimming at a speed of 1 m/s swallows an absent-minded 1-kg fish
at rest. The speed of the larger fish after lunch
is A) 1/2 m/s. B) 2/5 m/s. C) 5/6 m/s. D) 6/5 m/s. E) 1 m/s.
35) A
5-kg fish swimming at a speed of 1 m/s swallows an absent-minded 1-kg fish
swimming toward it at 4 m/s. The speed of the larger
fish after lunch is A) 1/2 m/s. B) 1/5 m/s. C) 1/6 m/s. D) 2/3 m/s. E) 3/2 m/s.
36) A
1-kg chunk of putty moving at 1 m/s collides with and sticks to a 5-kg
bowling ball that is initially at rest. The bowling ball and putty are then
in motion with a speed of A) 1/4 m/s. B) 1/5 m/s. C) 1/6 m/s. D) none of these. E) not enough information
given. 37) Momentum
is transferred to the ground when an apple falls on it. The momentum absorbed
by the ground is A) negligible compared to
the momentum of the apple. B) greater than that of the
apple only if the apple bounces. C) greater than that of the
apple in all cases. D) none of these. 38) A
fan attached to an ice sailcraft stalled on a windless day blows air into
the sail that bounces backward upon impact. The
boat can A) then move in the direction
of the wind impact force. B) not move by this wind impact.
C) then move, but in the opposite
direction of the wind impact force. 39) If
all people, animals, trains and trucks all over the world began to walk
or run towards the east, then the A) earth would spin a bit
faster. B) earth would spin a bit
slower. C) earth's spin would not
be affected at all. 40) You're
driving down the highway and a bug spatters into your windshield. Which undergoes the greater change in momentum? A) the bug B) your car C) both the same 41) If
the ball is as massive as the astronaut, the A) astronaut will catch one
bounce only. B) astronaut will never catch
the first bounce. C) astronaut's time between
catches will decrease as the game progresses. D) none of these. 42) If
the ball is as massive as the astronaut, the distance between the moving
ball and the moving astronaut after the first bounce A) increases with time. B) decreases with time. C) remains constant with time.
43) If
the ball is one hundredth as massive as the astronaut, the time between
catches A) increases as the game progresses.
B) stays the same as the game
progresses. C) decreases as the game progresses.
44) A
golf ball moving forward with 1 unit of momentum strikes and bounces backward
off a heavy bowling ball that is initially at rest and free to move. The bowling ball is set in motion with a momentum of A) less than 1 unit. B) more than 1 unit. C) 1 unit. D) not enough information. 45) Consider
massive gliders that slide friction-free along a horizontal air track.
Glider A has a mass of 1 kg, a speed of 1 m/s, and collides with Glider
B that has a mass of 5 kg and is at rest. If they stick upon collision, their
speed after collision will be A) 1/4 m/s. B) 1/5 m/s. C) 1/6 m/s. D) 1 m/s. E) none of these. 46) A
1-kg glider and a 2-kg glider both slide toward each other at 1 m/s on
an air track. They collide and stick. The combined mass moves at A) 0 m/s. B) 1/2 m/s. C) 1/3 m/s. D) 1/6 m/s. E) 1.5 m/s. 47) Two
identical gliders slide toward each other on an air track. One moves at
1 m/s and the other at 2 m/s. They collide and stick. The combined mass
moves at A) 1/2 m/s. B) 1/3 m/s. C) 1/6 m/s. D) 3/4 m/s. E) 1.5 m/s. 48) A
5000-kg freight car runs into a 10,000-kg freight car at rest. They couple
upon collision and move with a speed of 2 m/s. What was the initial speed
of the 5000-kg car? A) 4 m/s B) 5 m/s C) 6 m/s D) 8 m/s E) none of these 49) A
5000-kg freight car moving at 2 m/s runs into a 10,000-kg freight car at
rest. They couple upon collision and move away as
one body at A) 2 m/s. B) 1 m/s. C) 2/3 m/s. D) 1/3 m/s. 50) A
sandbag is motionless in outer space. A second sandbag with 3 times the
mass moving at 12 m/s collides with it. They stick together and move at
a speed of A) 3 m/s. B) 4 m/s. C) 6 m/s. D) 8 m/s. E) none of these
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