Acknowledging the Significance of Gender - End Notes - The Research Center on Computing & Society

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Ann-Marie Lancaster

End Notes

1. Sources: (1) Becker, H.J. and C.W. Sterling, “Equity in School Computer Use: National Data and Neglected Considerations.” Journal of Educational Computing Research, 1987; (2) Collis, Betty, “Sex Differences in Secondary School Students’ Attitudes Toward Computers,” The Computing Teacher 12 no. 7 1985; (3) Collis, Betty. “Sex Related Differences in Attitudes Towards Computers: Implication for Counselors,” The School Counselor 33 no. 2 1985; (4) Gressard, C. and B. Loyd, “Validation Studies of a New Computer Attitude Scale.” AEDS Journal 18 no. 3 1986; (5) Koohang, Alex A., “A Study of Attitudes Towards Computers: Anxiety, Confidence, Liking, and Perception of Usefulness.” Journal of Research on Computing in Education 22 no. 2 1989; (6) Lockheed, M.E., A. Nielsen and M. Stone, “Sex Differences in Microcomputer Literacy,” Paper presented at the National Educational Computing Conference, June 6 – 8, 1983; (7) Ware, Mary Catherine and Mary Frances Stuck. “Sex Role Messages vis-a-vis Microcomputer Use: A Look at the Pictures.” Sex Roles 13 nos. 3/4 1985; (8) Wilder, Gita, Diane Mackie and Joel Cooper, “Gender and Computers: Two Surveys of Computer-Related Activities.” Sex Roles, 1985.

2. Sources: (1) ACM Committee on The Status of Women in Computing Science, “Becoming a Computer Scientist, A Report by the ACM Committee on The Status of Women in Computing Science,” Communications of the ACM, November 1990; (2) Frenkel, Karen A., “Women & Computing,” Communications of the ACM, November 1990; (3) Leveson, Nancy, Women in Computer Science: A Report for the NSF CISE Corsee Disciplinary Activities Advisory Committee, December 1989; (4) Widnall, Sheila E., “AAAS Presidential Lecture: Voices from the Pipeline,” Science, September 1988.

3. Sources: ACM Committee on The Status of Women in Computing Science. “Becoming a Computer Scientist, A Report by the ACM Committee on The Status of Women in Computing Science,” Communications of the ACM, November 1990; (2) Becker, H.J. And C.W. Sterling, “Equity in School Computer Use: National Data and Neglected Considerations,” Journal of Educational Computing Research, 1987; (3) Ehrhart, Julia K., Sandler, Bernice R., “Looking for More Than a Few Good Women in Traditionally Male Fields,” Project on the Status and Education of Women, Association of American Colleges, 1987; (4) Frenkel, Karen A., “Women & Computing,” Communications of the ACM, November 1990; (5) Gabriel, Susan, Smithson, Isaiah (eds), Gender in the Classroom, University of Illinois Press, 1990; (5) The Government-University-Industry-Research Roundtable, Nurturing Science and Engineering Talent, National Academy of Sciences, July 1987; (6) Hall, Roberta M., Sandler, Bernice R., “The Classroom Climate: A Chilly One for Women?,” Project on the Status and Education of Women, Washington D.C.: Association of American Colleges, 1982; (7) Kiesler, Sara, Sproull, Lee, Eccles, Jacquelynne S., “Pool Halls, Chips, and War Games: Women in the Computing Culture,” Psychology of Women Quarterly, 1985; (8) Leveson, Nancy, Women in Computer Science: A Report for the NSF CISE Corsee Disciplinary Activities Advisory Committee, December 1989; (9) Markoff, John. “Computing in America: A Masculine Mystique,” The New York Times, February 13, 1989; (10) Widnall, Sheila E., “AAAS Presidential Lecture: Voices from the Pipeline,” Science, September 1988; (11) Wilder, Gita, Diane Mackie and Joel Cooper, “Gender and Computers: Two Surveys of Computer-Related Activities,” Sex Roles, 1985.

4. Sources: (1) Chamberlain, Mariam K. Women in Academe, Russell Sage Foundation, 1988; (2) Gabriel, Susan, Smithson, Isaiah (eds), Gender in the Classroom, University of Illinois Press, 1990; (3) Gilligan, Carol, In A Different Voice, Harvard University Press, 1982; (4) Harris, Judith, Silverstein, JoAnn, and Andrews Dianne, Education Women in Science,” In Educating the Majority: Women Challenge Tradition in Higher Education, American Council on Education and Macmillan Publishing, 1989; (5) Bernard Jessie, “Educating the Majority: The Feminist Enlightenment,” In Educating the Majority: Women Challenge Tradition in Higher Education, American Council on Education and Macmillan Publishing, 1989.

5. (1) ACM Committee on The Status of Women in Computing Science. “Becoming a Computer Scientist, A Report by the ACM Committee on The Status of Women in Computing Science,” Communications of the ACM, November 1990; (2) Frenkel, Karen A., “Women & Computing,” Communications of the ACM, November 1990.

6. ACM Committee on The Status of Women in Computing Science. “Becoming a Computer Scientist, A Report by the ACM Committee on The Status of Women in Computing Science,” Communications of the ACM, November 1990.

7. Sources: (1) Chamberlain, Mariam K. Women in Academe, Russell Sage Foundation, 1988; (2) Gabriel, Susan, Smithson, Isaiah (eds), Gender in the Classroom, University of Illinois Press, 1990; (3) Gies, F., Carter M., Butler D. Seeing and Evaluating People, The Office of Women’s Affairs, University of Delaware, revised edition, 1986; (4) Gilligan, Carol, In A Different Voice, Harvard University Press, 1982; (5) Hall, Roberta M., Sandler, Bernice R., “The Classroom Climate: A Chilly One for Women?,” Project on the Status and Education of Women, Washington DC: Association of American Colleges, 1982; (6) Harris, Judith, Silverstein, JoAnn, and Andrews Dianne, “Education Women in Science,” In Educating the Majority: Women Challenge Tradition in Higher Education, American Council on Education and Macmillan Publishing, 1989; (7) Bernard Jessie, “Educating the Majority: The Feminist Enlightenment,” In Educating the Majority: Women Challenge Tradition in Higher Education, American Council on Education and Macmillan Publishing, 1989; (8) Schaef, Anne Wilson, Women’s Reality: An Emerging Female System in a White Male Society, Harper & Row, 1985; (9) Tannen, Deborah, You Just Don’t Understand: Women and Men in Conversation, Ballantine Books, 1990; (10) Weis, Lois (ed.), Class, Race, and Gender, State University of New York Press, 1988.

8. Sources: (1) Gilligan, Carol, In A Different Voice, Harvard University Press, 1982; (2) Harris, Judith, Silverstein, JoAnn, and Andrews Dianne, “Education Women in Science,” In Educating the Majority: Women Challenge Tradition in Higher Education, American Council on Education and Macmillan Publishing, 1989; (3) Bernard Jessie, “Educating the Majority: The Feminist Enlightenment,” In Educating the Majority: Women Challenge Tradition in Higher Education, American Council on Education and Macmillan Publishing, 1989.

9. Sources: (1) Gies, F., Carter M., Butler D. Seeing and Evaluating People, The Office of Women’s Affairs, University of Delaware, revised edition, 1986; (2) Schaef, Anne Wilson, Women’s Reality: An Emerging Female System in a White Male Society, Harper & Row, 1985; (3) Tannen, Deborah, You Just Don’t Understand: Women and Men in Conversation, Ballantine Books, 1990.

10. Sources: (1) Astin, Alexander W., Four Critical Years: Effects of College on Beliefs, Attitudes and Knowledge, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1977; (2) Chamberlain, Mariam K., Women in Academe, Russell Sage Foundation, 1988; (3) Ehrhart, Julia K., Sandler, Bernice R. “Looking for More Than a Few Good Women in Traditionally Male Fields.” Project on the Status and Education of Women, Association of American Colleges, 1987; (4) Gabriel, Susan, Smithson, Isaiah (eds.), Gender in the Classroom, University of Illinois Press, 1990; (5) Gies, F., Carter M., Butler D. Seeing and Evaluating People, The Office of Women’s Affairs, University of Delaware, revised edition, 1986; (6) Hall, Roberta M., Sandler, Bernice R. “The Classroom Climate: A Chilly One for Women?,” Project on the Status and Education of Women, Washington DC: Association of American Colleges, 1982; (7) Weis, Lois,ed., Class, Race, and Gender, State University of New York Press, 1988.

11. Sources: (1) Gies, F., Carter M., Butler D. Seeing and Evaluating People, The Office of Women’s Affairs, University of Delaware, revised edition, 1986; (2) Schaef, Anne Wilson, Women’s Reality: An Emerging Female System in a White Male Society, Harper & Row, 1985.

12. Sources: (1) ACM Committee on The Status of Women in Computing Science, “Becoming a Computer Scientist, A Report by the ACM Committee on The Status of Women in Computing Science,” Communications of the ACM, November 1990; (2) Frenkel, Karen A., “Women & Computing,” Communications of the ACM, November 1990.

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