Facing the Computer Ethics Dilemma

C. Dianne Martin and David H. Martin

• Abstract
• Computer Ethics in the Social Context
• Professional Codes of Ethics and Conduct
• Proposed IFIP International Code of Ethics
• Ethics in the Context of a Profession
• Ethics Without Sanctions
• Computer Ethics Education
• Conclusions
• References

Computer Ethics in the Social Context

Basic ethical values are learned in the formative years of childhood in the home, church and school. To properly apply the notion of ethics to technology, we must first recognize that technology is not value-free, but value-laden. “Any technological decision… is a value-based decision that not only reflects a particular vision of society but also gives concrete form to it (Christenson, 1986).” Computers can alter or create relationships between people and organizations, even where there may have been no prior connection. Data communications can take place without any personal contact and at such high speed that the individual may not have time to consider the ramifications of a particular transmission. Electronic information is also far more fragile than “hard-copy” paper information.

New ethical dilemmas with competing rights and values have arisen due to the advent of high-speed, worldwide transmission; low-cost, mass storage; and multiple-copy dissemination capabilities. Our understanding of proprietary rights, residual rights, plagiarism, piracy, eavesdropping, privacy, and freedom of expression should be examined and perhaps redefined. Advancements in computer technology were made under the assumption that efficiency was the main concern, not moral values. The time has come to integrate an ethical dimension into the concept of managing technology and the human relationships that accompany technological advancements.

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