REVIEW SHEET FOR ESC 110 – METEOROLOGY EXAM

Introduction to Meteorology (Chap. 14)

Concepts: Primary matter & four qualities Weather measurements Energy Air Density Composition of the atmosphere Environmental lapse rate Insolation Cloudiness Cloud classification Important Figures: 14.4

Terms: Empedocles Aristotle Weather & Climate Galileo Fahrenheit, Celsius & Kelvin Thermometer Hygrometer Psychrometer Barometer Anemometer Beaufort scale Review Questions: 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

Origin and Composition of the Atmosphere (chap. 14)

Concepts: Primordial atmosphere Early atmosphere Modern atmosphere Oxygen production and consumption Composition of the atmosphere Ozone depletion and holes Smog Important Figures: 14A and 14C

Terms: Accretion Outgassing Gaia Differentiation Red beds Banded iron formation Water vapor Ozone Carbon dioxide Aerosol Review Questions: 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11 and 12

Structure of the Atmosphere (chap. 14)

Concepts: Classification Ozone layer Dry adiabatic lapse rate Wet adiabatic lapse rate Important Figures: 14.14

Terms: Troposphere/tropopause Stratosphere/stratopause Mesosphere/mesopause Thermosphere Exosphere Ionosphere Homosphere & Heterosphere Ultraviolet radiation Review Questions: 7, 8 and 9

Atmospheric Heating (chap. 14)

Concepts: Insolation Albedo Electromagnetic radiation Heat transfer Important Figures: 14.8, 14.9, 14.14, 14.17, 14.22, 14.23 and 14.24

Terms: Angle of incidence Reflection Scattering Aerosols Review Questions: 12, 13, 14, 16 and 21

Water in the Atmosphere (chap. 15)

Concepts: State of water Heat and latent heat energy Humidity Vapor pressure Formation of precipitation (processes) Cloud and fog formation Process that lift air Important Figures: 15.2, 15.4, 15.5, 15.6, 15.16, and 15.18

Terms: Melting, evaporation and sublimation Condensation, freezing and deposition Relative, specific and absolute humidity Calorie Saturation Dew point Precipitation (rain, drizzle, hail, snow, sleet, rime & glaze) Fog Orographic lifting Frontal wedging Convergence and convective lifting Review Questions: 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 11, 15, 19 and 25

Atmospheric Circulation (chap. 16)

Concepts: Factor affecting the wind Pressure gradient Coriolis Friction Global circulation Influence of continents Trade winds, Westerlies and Easterlies Important Figures: 16.3, 16.4. 16.7, 16.9, 16.12, and 16.13

Terms: Wind Geotrophic winds Cyclones Anticyclones Pressure center Hadley, Ferrel and Polar cells Divergence and convergence Equatorial low Subtropical high Subpolar low Polar high Monsoon Review Questions: 4, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12 and 13